侯 hóu ⇒ Chinese Family Name: new class order of + 100 Chinese Family Names, Chinese Surnames

Chinese Family Name: new class order of + 100 Chinese Family Names, Chinese Surnames

侯 hóu  (marquis)    => Celebrities of the family name ?

侯氏遍布北方 传自姬姓后裔

根据考证,侯氏发源于3000年前由周文王的后裔所传的晋国。历来有关的古籍都纪载得清清楚楚。譬如,《姓纂》指出:“晋候缗之后适他国,以侯为氏,郑有侯宜多,侯多羽,鲁有侯叔下,侯妃,齐有侯朝,魏有侯嬴”;《唐书宰相世系表》也指出:“出自姬姓”。   从以上的文献,可以对侯氏的来龙去脉,获得两点认识。第一,他们是甫一出现便遍布于北方各地的,而且这个家族的人材辈出,早在先秦时期就已声誉卓著;第二,他们是直接传自黄帝轩辕氏的姬姓后裔,因为3000年前始建的晋国,是传自周成王的小弟唐叔虞,而侯氏是出身于晋国的公族,当然也是名正言顺最为光彩的黄帝子孙了。   正统黄帝子孙    不过,过去的众多姓氏学者之中,也有人把侯氏的历史,推溯得更为久远。像《姓氏考略》一书就指出:“一云,出自姒姓,夏后氏之裔封于侯,子孙以为氏。”   姒姓,是古时候的几个基本姓氏之一,代表源自夏禹的庞大家族。根据史载,夏禹是上古颛顼帝高阳氏之孙,颛顼又是黄帝的孙子,则侯氏不管是出于夏代,或始见于周代,其为正统的黄帝子孙,却是毫无疑问的。如照系出史皇氏,仓帝史皇姬名冈,字颉,后为侯氏的说法。那侯姓的来源真是非常久远了。   发源于山西的侯氏,虽然很快便遍布北方各地,但是到了秦、汉天下一统之后,却在现在的河北中、西部一带,繁衍得最为旺盛,也表现得最为优异。因此,长久以来的侯姓人家都世代沿袭着“上谷”的堂号,因为现在河北的中部和西部之地,汉朝时正是上谷郡的所在地呢。   有汉一代,上谷侯氏的表现,的确是可圈可点的。楚、汉相争时的侯公,汉成帝时的侯芮,王莽篡汉时的侯刚,以及东汉初年的侯霸,可以说无一不是历史上响当当的名字。   魏、晋以迄于南北朝这段时期,对于侯氏家族而言,是相当重要的。一方面,他们有许多新的生力军加入,使整个家族自此庞大不少;另一方面,他们出了好几位在当时举足轻重的历史人物,使侯氏的名气越来越是响亮。   侯氏家族的庞大,详见于《路史》所记载的是“魏、侯奴氏、渴侯氏、古引氏、俟伏侯氏,并改为侯氏”。换言之,当时加入侯氏家族的生力军,至少也有四支。另外,依照《通志氏族》中,也有一支世居库斛真水的部落,于随魏南迁之后改姓了三个字的复姓“侯莫陈氏”。这三个字的复姓,现在根本已经看不到了。所以有很多学者判断,这是由于他们的后裔日渐被汉族同化之后,把自己的姓氏省略为单姓的侯氏的缘故。   由此看来,南北朝时加入侯氏家族阵容的外来血统,又不仅仅只有《路史》上所列举的四支了。侯氏,真可以说是一个集英聚锐的庞大家族。
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Chinese Family Names

According to the Xinhua Agency (New China Agency), the latest research supported by the National Natural Science Fund Committee gave the new sequence of “Chinese Family Names". Although the three names Li, Wang, Zhang declined in the proportion of the total population, they still take the place of the top 3.

The total population of each of these three names is not exceeding 100 million

This survey was accomplished during two years by Mr YUAN Yida , a researcher of the Institute of Chinese Academy of genetic and developmental biology. Their survey involved 1,110 counties and cities of 296 million people, received 4,100 Chinese Family names. Through the county, region and province population statistics, resulting in the classification of the New Chinese Family Names. The survey showed that among the 4,100 names, the top three are Li, Wang, Zhang, which accounted for 7.4%, 7.2% and 6.8% of China's total population, the total population of each of the three names is less than 100 million; there are 18 names accounted for 1% of China's total population, 129 names accounted for 0.1% of the population and occupied 87% of the total population.

The population of the tree names declined compared with 20 years ago

YUAN Yida showed, according to the data published in1987, that Li, Wang, and Zhang are the largest three names of China, which accounted for 7.9%, 7.4% and 7.1% of the total population. “Li, as the largest name, was declined from 7.9% to 7.4% currently, because there were only 570,000 original samples, but now they reached nearly 3 million.” YUAN Yida said that compared with 20 years ago, the sample of this survey is larger than before, involved nearly 40% counties of China, in almost all areas that the Chinese characters are used. The results are closer to the Chinese names real situation. Especially for the study of Chinese Y chromosome diversity, disease distribution, the origin of the nationality Han, and flow disciplines, the distribution data and areas of the top 300 common Chinese names would provide new clues and information which have the highest valuation in research and practical use.

YUAN Yida showed, according to the data published in1987, that Li, Wang, and Zhang are the largest three names of China, which accounted for 7.9%, 7.4% and 7.1% of the total population.

YUAN Yida showed, according to the data published in1987, that Li, Wang, and Zhang are the largest three names of China, which accounted for 7.9%, 7.4% and 7.1% of the total population.

YUAN Yida showed, according to the data published in1987, that Li, Wang, and Zhang are the largest three names of China, which accounted for 7.9%, 7.4% and 7.1% of the total population.

So far, there are 23,000 names are collected

China was the first country of the world who uses family name, about 5000 years ago; the name has been designated as hereditary, passed through patriarchal way. 20 years ago, it was the first time of CAS natural science approach to the study of Chinese surnames distribution, they announced the classification of 100 common surnames, and this research brings the high concern of both the interior and overseas Chinese.

The Chinese scientists will continue to publish the data and distribution of the top 300 Chinese names and re-publish "the Great Chinese surnames dictionary," which will include over 23,000 names collected in order to advance the development of the name and genealogy culture industries.

Background

20 years ago, 270 million people named Zhang Yuan Wang National experts showed the "Family Names “in census data of 1986. These three clans are the top three.

On May 2, 1987, the studies statistical results of YUAN Yida and Institute CAS of genetic and biology development: the largest three names are Li, Wang, Zhang, which accounted for 7.9% , 7.4% and 7.1% of the total population, the total population of these three names are 270 million, that are the largest three clans groups of world. And the name which Chinese people have used had reached 22,000. According to the introduction of YUAN Yida , the family name research is a science. And Chinese names are the best research target in name study. Chinese surnames reflects the process of Chinese society’s evolution in several thousands years.

There is no one country and a nation in the world that has a long history like China, with 5,000 years continuous history. Such a civilization chain is the most consistent with the laws of genetics. In addition, the Chinese people have a relatively strong in clan concepts, so the persons who have the same name, share the same blood relations often live together. "This is why in the map of China; there is so many village of Zhang's and Villages of Li's,YUAN Yida said.

In 1983, there is a national census in China. The relevant sample data of census are counted in 1986. According to the related information and data, YUAN Yida started the statistical research on family names. In1987, the statistics of YUAN Yida output 12,000 to 13,000 Chinese names. In the same year, the news of Chinese Academy of Sciences doeing the research on family name was disseminated widely by some news media. On May 2, 1987, YUAN Yida published the top 100 names in this statistics, which to be known as "New 100 Chinese Family Names." In "New Family Names", "Li, Wang, Zhang," are the top three. In 2002, a book who has more than 50 million words with 200 charts of name's distribution "Chinese surnames: genetic and demographic groups," announced the research work of 10 years being completed. In the book, after years of collecting and studies of national names YUAN Yida indicated that the biggest three names are Li, Wang, and Zhang.

YUAN Yida said that it’s not easy for these common surnames to continue to today. For example in the dynasty Yuan, to assure the dominion of Yuan, it had been recommended to the emperor Yuan Shun to kill all the people whose names were in the top five. Fortunately the Emperor hesitated before deciding not to do any action, so these people can survive, thus enabling the transmission of the family name transmit to this day.

According to the report of “The evening paper of Guangzhou”

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